地裂缝活动对地下水位运移的影响

张妙芝; 王亚辉; 李青青

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2023-0932

地裂缝活动对地下水位运移的影响

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2023-0932

1.
陕西铁路工程职业技术学院，陕西渭南　714000
2.
陕西天地地质有限责任公司，陕西西安　710054
3.
宝鸡市勘察测绘院，陕西宝鸡　721000

基金项目: 渭南市基础研究科研课题项目（ZDYF-JCYJ-301）；陕西铁路工程职业技术学院科研基金项目（2023KYYB-24）

详细信息

作者简介:
张妙芝，女，1990年生，硕士，讲师，主要从事地质灾害研究与防治工作。E-mail：zmztgzy@163.com

中图分类号: P642
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- 文章访问数: 35
- HTML全文浏览量: 12
- PDF下载量: 8
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-20
- 修回日期: 2024-06-30
- 录用日期: 2024-08-29
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-07
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-08

Effect of ground fissure activity on groundwater level migration

1.
Shaanxi Railway Institute, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi, China
2.
Shaanxi Tiandi Geological Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
3.
Baoji Survey and Mapping Institute, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究地裂缝活动对地下水运移的影响，在西安市劳动路跨地裂缝试验场地开展水文地质抽水试验，采用Geo-Studio软件建立跨地裂缝水文地质试验模型，进行渗流分析。结果表明：地裂缝带上抽水井涌水量最大，地裂缝下盘稳定后的涌水量是上盘涌水量的3倍左右；地裂缝带含水层厚度最大、渗透性最好，下盘居中，上盘含水层厚度最小、渗透性最差；对于同一抽水井，抽水与加荷共同作用下产生的垂直位移是只有抽水作用情况下的4倍左右，对于群井，两者共同作用下产生的垂直位移是单独抽水作用下的2倍左右；在抽水作用下，由于地裂缝上下盘地层差异，孔隙水压力下降引起的有效应力增加会导致两侧土体的不均匀压缩，加剧了地裂缝的发展；无地裂缝时，各抽水井补给效果相差不大；有地裂缝时，根据不同的地层情况，地裂缝会表现出隔水和透水的两面性。
- 地裂缝 /
- 抽水试验 /
- 地下水运移 /
- 孔隙水压力 /
- 渗透系数
Abstract: To study the influence of ground fissure activity on groundwater migration, hydrogeological pumping tests were conducted at the cross-ground fissure test site on Laodong Road in Xi’an, and a cross-ground fissure hydrogeological test model was established using Geo-Studio software for seepage analysis. The results show that the water inflow of the pumping well on the ground fissure zone is the largest, and the water inflow after the stability of the lower side of the ground fissure is roughly three times that after the stability of the hanging wall. The thickness of the aquifer in the ground fissure zone is the largest and the permeability of the ground fissure zone is the strongest, the footwall is in the middle, and the hanging wall has the smallest thickness and the worst permeability. For the same pumping well, the vertical displacement generated by the combined pumping action and load action is about 4 times that of the single pumping action. For a group of wells, the vertical displacement generated by the combined action of the two is about twice that of the single pumping action. Under the action of water pumping, due to the difference between the hanging wall and footwall of the ground fissure, the increase of effective stress caused by the decrease of pore water pressure will lead to the uneven compression of the soil on both sides and aggravate the development of the ground fissure. When there is no ground fissure, the recharge effect of each pumping well is similar; when there are ground fissures, according to different soil conditions, the ground fissures will show water resistance and permeability.
- ground fissure /
- pumping test /
- groundwater migration /
- pore water pressure /
- permeability coefficient

HTML全文

图 1 地质剖面图

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图 2 试验场地平面布置图

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图 3 1号抽水井k=f(t)曲线图

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图 4 地层分布及边界条件

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图 5 1，2，3号抽水井沉降图（单位：m）

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图 6 群井沉降图（单位：m）

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图 7 1号抽水井抽水后孔隙水压力云图（单位：kPa）

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图 8 无地裂缝抽水的孔隙水压力云图（单位：kPa）

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图 9 有地裂缝抽水的孔隙水压力云图（单位：kPa）

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表 1 4组抽水试验涌水量统计表 m³/d

落程	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井	群井
落程	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井
小落程	125.34	118.13	45.04	67.6	67.6	38.7
中落程	156.82	156.82	51.96	106.7	106.7	45
大落程	202.25	186.34	51.96	130.29	143.19	38.7

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表 2 1号抽水井计算出的渗透系数

落程	流量Q/（m³·d⁻¹）	降深S/m	恢复时间t/min	渗透系数k/（m·d⁻¹）	k取值/（m·d⁻¹）
小落程	125.34	4.59	1342	2.000	2.420
中落程	156.82	7.96	1572	2.790
大落程	202.25	17.71	1120	2.469

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表 3 1，2，3号抽水井及群井的渗透系数 m/d

井号	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井	群井
井号	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井	1号抽水井	2号抽水井	3号抽水井
渗透系数	2.420	2.049	1.618	2.232	2.087	1.676

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表 4 水文地质试验模型材料参数

层号	地层名称	重度 /(kN·m⁻³)	弹性模量 /MPa	泊松比	体积压缩系数 /kPa⁻¹	饱和体积含水量 /m³	渗透系数 /(cm·s⁻¹)
1	填土	17.1	7	0.35	1.43×10^-4	0.43	4.63×10⁻³
2	黄土	18.5	8	0.35	1.00×10^-4	0.45	2.38×10⁻⁴
3	古土壤	19.8	10	0.35	1.25×10^-4	0.42	1.62×10⁻⁴
4	中砂	19.1	4	0.25	2.50×10⁻⁵	0.55	3.19×10⁻²
5	粉质黏土	19.6	7	0.35	1.43×10^-4	0.42	1.50×10⁻⁵

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