高精度砂卵石地层钻进模型试验平台研制

梁涛; 关岩鹏; 韩玉婷; 刘晓丽

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0015

高精度砂卵石地层钻进模型试验平台研制

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0015

梁涛^{1, 2,},
关岩鹏^3, ,,
韩玉婷³,
刘晓丽⁴

1.
航天规划设计集团有限公司，北京　100162
2.
中国航天建设集团有限公司，北京　100071
3.
中国消防救援学院，北京　100021
4.
清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京　100084

基金项目: 航天规划设计集团有限公司科研基金（YK2023-02）；中国航天建设集团有限公司科研基金（YK2023-02-01）

详细信息

作者简介:
梁　涛，男，1978年生，博士，研究员，主要从事工程岩土工程方面的科研工作。 E-mail：729693453@qq.com

通讯作者:
关岩鹏，男，1988年生，博士，副教授，主要从事工程抢险方面的科研工作。E-mail：hbgyp2008@163.com

中图分类号: P634
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- 文章访问数: 31
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 7
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-09
- 修回日期: 2025-02-13
- 录用日期: 2025-03-07
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-09

Development of high-precision drilling model test platform for sand and gravel formations

Liang Tao^{1, 2
,},
Guan Yanpeng^{3
, ,},
Han Yuting³,
Liu Xiaoli⁴

1.
Aerospace Planning and Design Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100162, China
2.
China Aerospace Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100071, China
3.
China Fire and Rescue Institute, Beijing 100021, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要

摘要: 相比一般静力学模型试验，钻进类模型试验需考虑动力学问题，试验理论复杂，控制条件严格。在静力学相似比判据的基础上，推导了钻进类模型试验的动力学相似比判据，并研制了匹配的模型试验平台。该平台采用表面振动压实法制备试样，通过精细控制振动条件，克服传统落雨法、人工夯实法的不足，使试样达到最大干密度，密实度与均匀性更高。针对监测数据稳定性要求高的问题，试验在试样桶底部设压力监测传感器监测钻进阻力，消除导向滑轨与旋转钻机平台滑动摩擦力的影响。新方法监测值更稳定，残差平方和约为传统方法的 1/3。试验表明，新型模型试验平台及方法能克服现有技术不足，分辨细微试验条件变化对钻进效率的影响，可用于成桩钻具适应性及钻具选型等研究。
- 钻进 /
- 砂卵石地层 /
- 模型试验 /
- 相似比
Abstract: Compared to general static model tests, drilling type model tests require consideration of dynamic issues. The test theories are complex and the test control conditions are strict. On the basis of the static similarity ratio criterion, this article derives the dynamic similarity ratio criterion for drilling model tests and develops a matching model test platform. The platform uses surface vibration compaction method to prepare samples. By finely controlling the vibration conditions, it overcomes the shortcomings of traditional rain method and manual compaction method, and achieves the maximum dry density, higher density and uniformity of the samples. To address the issue of high stability requirements for monitoring data, a pressure monitoring sensor was installed at the bottom of the sample barrel to monitor drilling resistance and eliminate the influence of sliding friction between the guide rail and the rotary drilling platform. The new method provides more stable monitoring values, with residual squared values approximately one-third that of traditional methods. The experiment shows that the new model experimental platform and method can overcome the shortcomings of existing technology, distinguish the influence of subtle changes in experimental conditions on drilling efficiency, and can be used for research on the adaptability of pile drilling tools and tool selection.
- drilling /
- sand and gravel stratum /
- model test /
- similarity ratio

HTML全文

图 1 基于表面振动压实法的试样制备装置

Figure 1. sample preparation device based on surface vibration compaction method

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图 2 模型试验平台示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of model test platform

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图 3 模型试验平台实物图

Figure 3. physical drawing of model test platform

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图 4 三条式三切削叶片钻具

Figure 4. three bar three cutting blade drilling tool

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图 5 钻具钻进阻转矩（0.2～0.5 mm粒径组）

Figure 5. drilling resistance torque of drilling tools (0.2 mm～0.5 mm particle size group)

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图 6 钻具钻进阻力（0.2～0.5 mm粒径组）

Figure 6. drilling resistance of drilling tools (0.2 mm～0.5 mm particle size group)

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图 7 模型试验钻进示意图

Figure 7. schematic diagram of model test drilling

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图 8 钻具钻进阻力监测值（0.2～0.5 mm粒径组）

Figure 8. monitoring value of drilling tool drilling resistance (0.2 mm～0.5 mm particle size group)

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图 9 钻具钻进阻力监测值（0.2～3 mm粒径组）

Figure 9. monitoring value of drilling resistance of drilling tools (0.2 mm～3 mm particle size group)

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图 10 钻具钻进阻转矩

Figure 10. drilling resistance torque of drilling tool

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图 11 钻具钻进阻力

Figure 11. drilling resistance of drilling tools

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图 12 锥式三切削叶片钻具

Figure 12. conical three cutting blade drill

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图 13 不同钻具的钻进阻转矩对比

Figure 13. comparison of drilling resistance torque of different drilling tools

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图 14 不同钻具的钻进阻力对比

Figure 14. comparison of drilling resistance of different drilling tools

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表 1 试验用颗粒材料的各粒径范围颗粒所占体积分数

Table 1. volume fraction of particles in each particle size range of granular materials for test

粒径组	体积分数/%								不均匀系数
粒径组	0.2～0.5 mm	0.5～1.0 mm	1.0～2.0 mm	2.0～3.0 mm	3.0～4.0 mm	4.0～5.0 mm	5.0～6.0 mm	6.0～7.0 mm	不均匀系数
0.2～0.5 mm粒径组	100								1.6
0.2～1.0 mm粒径组	50	50							2.5
0.2～3.0 mm粒径组	25	25	25	25					4.6
0.2～7.0 mm粒径组	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	8.4

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