Abstract: Ground settlement induced by foundation pit excavation always threatens the safety of the surrounding buildings.Based on lots of measured data analysis,a new mathematical model for describing ground settlement is proposed.The expression of the model including the maximum settlement s_max and settlement range r is given according the analysis of proper ties of the model function.Then the test data from relevant papers is fitted to prove that the model has good applicability for describing the distribution of the settlement.Finally,a contrast is made between this model and decentration distribution.The research results will provide references to predict and control the ground settlement induced by excavation of relevant foundation pits.