Abstract: Focusing on the influence of layered soil filling behind the gravity retaining wall on the stress of the wall body, the dynamic change value and regularity of earth pressure behind the wall are studied and analyzed. The finite element calculation model of plane strain element and contact element of wall and soil is established by using the large-scale general finite element analysis software ADINA, and the Mohr-Coulomb material constitutive model of backfill behind the wall is comprehensively considered. The initial ground stress field is balanced, the backfill behind the wall is compacted and filled in layers, and the contact forces between the wall and the soil are set for finite element analysis and calculation. Finally, the Coulomb active earth pressure theory, the embedded earth pressure monitoring instrument and the finite element simulation results are used for comparative analysis, which can accurately reflect the law of the earth pressure change caused by layered filling of the backfill behind the wall and the deviation amplitude of the three. The law of degree provides scientific technical support and experience reference for the design and construction of similar gravity retaining wall on soil foundation.