An Example of Foundation Pile Design under Settlement Control
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摘要: 以西非某集装箱码头轨道桩基优化设计为工程实例,分别采用现行中国规范方法和单桩竖向抗压刚度方法估算荷载作用下的桩顶位移,对比分析和试桩检测结果表明,采用单桩竖向抗压刚度方法可以简捷地评估在工作荷载下的桩顶沉降、规定试验荷载下的最大沉降、经历最大加载后卸载的桩顶残余沉降等,满足国际专业标准中桩基沉降控制的技术要求。Abstract: Through an engineering example of optimal design of track pile foundation of a container terminal in West Africa, the displacement of pile top under load was estimated by comparing the current Chinese code method with the vertical compressive stiffness method of single pile. The engineering example shows that the vertical compressive stiffness method of single pile can simply evaluate the settlement of pile top under working load, the maximum settlement under specified test load, and the residual settlement of pile top after unloading after the maximum load, which meets the technical requirements of pile foundation settlement control in international professional standards.
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表 1 基桩土层物理力学参数
土层名称 厚度/m SPT/N 压缩模量/MPa 灌注桩极限侧摩阻力标准值/kPa 灌注桩极限桩端阻力标准值/kPa 回填中粗砂层 19.6~25.7 ≥15 60 31松散细粗砂 0.70~6.7 2~10 5.7 23 900 32 中密细粗砂 0.45~6.2 11~20 16.0 50 33中密—密实细粗砂 0.50~12.7 15~35 49.4 60 1900 34密实细粗砂 0.50~15.2 43~54 188.9 90 2000 36硬黏土 0.50~3.4 9~20 13.3 60 41-1 坚硬黏土 0.8~1.8 20~26 25 90 1700 42含有机质硬黏土 0.30~4.7 6~14 13.4 70 43 含有机质坚硬黏土 0.60~1.5 16~20 18.5 90 1700 51中密—密实细粗砂 0.40~3.2 13~30 44.8 60 61坚硬有机质黏土 1.6~8.4 10~29 28 90 62-2软黏土 1.1~10.4 8~12 6.6 30 64稍密中砂 0.70~6.9 6~12 5.2 35 71坚硬黏土 1.2~24.2 47~100 39 100 1800 74中密细粗砂 0.60~2.5 12~20 21 45 1500 注:在进行桩基承载力与沉降分析时,其地下水位按+2.0 m考虑,土的重度取19 kN/m³。 表 2 单桩竖向极限承载力计算表
钻孔编号 桩长48 m单桩
极限承载力/kN桩长30 m未注浆单桩
极限承载力/kN桩长30 m后注浆单桩
极限承载力/kN后注浆灌注桩
承载力提高幅度/%TH61 10589.83 8455.02 14038.04 66 TH25 10881.47 7946.02 13238.86 67 TH30 8678.14 6878.08 12102.72 76 TH66 10979.81 8227.98 14670.86 78 平均值 10282.31 7876.775 13512.62 72 表 3 钻孔TH61试桩沉降计算汇总表
mm Zn/m α 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 $ 5 $ 10.748 12.968 15.186 17.404 21.839 32.930 45.922 57.013 10 20.128 22.764 25.398 28.033 33.299 46.470 61.543 74.714 15 22.194 24.894 27.593 30.292 35.688 49.182 64.578 78.073 18 23.089 25.812 28.534 31.255 36.695 50.301 65.808 79.414 表 4 钻孔TH30、TH25、TH66试桩沉降计算汇总表
mm 试桩位置 Zn/m α 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 TH30 $ 5 $ 29.151 37.801 46.450 55.098 72.394 115.64 160.78 204.02 10 40.393 49.591 58.788 67.985 86.376 132.36 180.25 226.23 15 43.963 53.272 62.580 71.887 90.500 137.04 185.48 232.01 18 45.626 54.977 64.326 73.675 92.371 139.12 187.76 234.51 TH25 $ 5 $ 15.124 18.432 21.738 25.043 31.653 48.181 66.611 83.140 10 26.570 30.406 34.240 38.074 45.740 64.910 85.981 105.15 15 29.751 33.686 37.619 41.552 49.416 69.081 90.647 110.31 18 31.207 35.178 39.147 43.116 51.053 70.898 92.645 112.49 TH66 $ 5 $ 21.359 26.606 31.851 37.095 47.583 73.807 101.93 128.16 10 25.675 31.121 36.566 42.010 52.897 80.119 109.24 136.47 15 40.247 46.158 52.067 57.975 69.791 99.335 130.78 160.32 18 41.645 47.590 53.534 59.477 71.362 101.08 132.70 162.46 表 5 试桩单桩竖向抗压刚度及沉降估算表
钻孔编号 单桩竖向抗压刚度/(MPa·m) 不同桩顶荷载时相应的桩顶沉降/mm 5150 kN
(工作荷载)7800 kN
(验证荷载)12900 kN
(试验最大加载)TH61 969.23 5.31 8.05 13.31 TH25 952.52 5.41 8.19 13.54 TH30 1005.26 5.12 7.76 12.83 TH66 1031.97 4.99 7.56 12.50 平均值 989.75 5.21 7.89 13.05 表 6 试桩残余沉降估算(验证荷载7800 kN)
钻孔编号 沉降估算值/mm 残余沉降估算值/mm TH61 8.05 1.61~4.83 TH25 8.19 1.64~4.91 TH30 7.76 1.55~4.66 TH66 7.56 1.51~4.54 平均沉降 7.89 1.58~4.73 -
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