Application of High-frequency Ground Penetrating Radar in the Evaluation of Ancient City Wall Restoration Effect
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摘要: 在长期环境污染、自然因素和人为因素的共同影响和作用下，明长城得胜堡墙体结构出现了裂隙、空鼓开裂、墙体基础掏蚀、酥碱、植物根系等病害。研究利用探地雷达技术分别对得胜堡三个代表性城墙区域进行检测，探地雷达剖面图显示修缮后的城墙体状况有明显的改观，特别是经过传统逐层夯筑法修缮后的古城墙体，每层夯筑层连续性好，无明显异常，清晰可获得均匀的夯筑层厚度为0.02 m，可有效防治裂隙、空鼓、毛细现象及动植物等病害。采用土坯砖垒砌法修缮的城墙虽然在一定程度上起到了保护的作用，但由于土坯砖间连接的不密实，容易为毛细水、自然降水、动植物等提供产生裂隙、空鼓、生物等病害的条件，对于城墙的长久保存效果仍不够理想。采用探地雷达可快速了解古城墙的保存现状和修复性能，适宜开展大面积古城墙调查。Abstract: Under the combined influence and action of long-term environmental pollution, the wall structure of Deshengbao on the Ming Great Wall has developed cracks, hollowing and cracking, erosion of the wall foundation, alkalinity, and plant root system diseases. In this research, the three representative wall areas of Deshengbao were detected by ground-penetrating radar technology. The ground penetrating radar profiles showed that the condition of the repaired city wall has improved, especially the repaired ancient city wall with the traditional technique of layer-by-layer ramming process. The continuity of each layer of the ramming layer is perfect, and the thickness of the ramming layer of 0.02 m can be obtained easily, which can effectively prevent cracks, hollowing, capillarity, plant roots, and other diseases. Although the adobe brick method may have helped preserve the city wall, the long-term preservation effect of the wall is not the best due to the uncompacted adobe brick, which is easy to provide conditions for capillary water, natural precipitation, animals, and plants to produce cracks, hollowing, plant roots, and other diseases. So the method of ground penetrating radar can quickly detect the preservation status and repair performance of the ancient city wall, which is suitable for large-scale investigation of the ancient city wall.
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