Finite element software is an important means for engineers to analyze the foundation pit in sensitive environment by numerical simulation, and the key of numerical simulation is to select appropriate constitutive model. In order to understand the suitability of three soil constitutive models commonly used in engineering, the excavation process of a large deep foundation pit is simulated by using Midas GTS NX three-dimensional finite element software. The numerical simulation results of different constitutive models are compared with the monitoring results of foundation pit, and then the applicability of the constitutive model is analyzed. It can be used as a reference for similar projects in this area in finite element numerical simulation analysis.