Matter Element Evaluation of Foundation Pit Safety Based on Game Theory Combination Weighting

The scale of excavation projects is progressively increasing, accompanied by a growing number of factors influencing their safety status. To accurately assess the safety status of excavation projects using commonly available monitoring data, the matter-element extension model, typically used for evaluating the level of things, is introduced into excavation safety assessment to address the issue of incompatibility among different indicators. For enhancing the authenticity of weight values, a game theory-based combination weighting approach was employed, which overcomes the limitations of single-weighting methods and considers both subjective and objective factors. The asymmetric fuzzy preference theory was used as a substitute for the maximum membership degree criterion, resulting in improved evaluation accuracy. Taking a foundation pit project in the Yangtze River floodplain as a case study, this research assessed safety conditions using common monitoring indicators, yielding highly accurate results closely aligned with actual observations. Sensitivity analysis of these assessment indicators identified pivotal factors significantly impacting the evaluation outcomes. This method shows promise for widespread application in similar foundation pit projects.