浅埋引水隧洞开挖工法及变形控制措施数值模拟研究

徐经锁; 胡昌建; 石文广; 许志康; 洪浩; 唐洪泉

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0349

浅埋引水隧洞开挖工法及变形控制措施数值模拟研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0349

1.
中铁四局集团有限公司，安徽合肥　230000
2.
广东粤海粤东供水有限公司，广东揭阳　510000

详细信息

作者简介:
徐经锁，男，1991年生，学士，高级工程师，主要从事岩土及地下工程。E-mail：1521929052@qq.com

中图分类号: TV671
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- 文章访问数: 12
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-27
- 修回日期: 2025-02-12
- 录用日期: 2025-04-09
- 刊出日期: 2025-08-08

Excavation method and deformation control of surrounding rock in shallow water diversion tunnels

1.
China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Hefei 230000, Anhui, China
2.
Guangdong Yuehai Yuedong Water Supply Co., Ltd., Jieyang 510000, Guangdong, China

摘要

摘要: 在临海地带上覆饱水砂层的强风化岩层开挖浅埋引水隧洞，易发生涌水涌砂、地表坍塌等事故。为保证隧洞安全快速施工，以某浅埋引水隧洞Ⅵ级围岩段治理工程为依托，采用数值模拟和现场监测相结合的方法，研究强风化花岗岩地层隧洞开挖工法及围岩变形控制的最优方法。结果表明：全断面法对控制围岩变形效果较差，CD法效果最好，上下台阶法与预留核心土法效果相当，考虑到上下台阶法开挖面更少、造价低、工期短，故将其作为本工程开挖工法。管棚和超前小导管注浆对减小隧洞拱顶沉降效果明显，帷幕注浆可以显著减小围岩变形。地表超前帷幕注浆辅以大管棚、超前小导管注浆等组合措施，采用上下台阶法对浅埋引水隧洞Ⅵ级围岩段进行施工，可保证隧洞安全快速施工。
- 浅埋引水隧洞 /
- 开挖工法 /
- 围岩变形 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 现场监测 /
- 加固效果评价 /
- 控制措施
Abstract: In the coastal area, the excavation of shallow water diversion tunnels in the overlying water-saturated sand layer of strongly weathered rock strata is prone to accidents such as water and sand gushing and surface collapse. To ensure the safe and rapid construction of the tunnel, the optimal method of tunnel excavation and surrounding rock deformation control was provided in the strongly weathered granite stratum of a shallow water diversion tunnel Ⅵ surrounding rock section. Numerical simulation and on-site monitoring methods were used in this project. The results show that: the full section method is less effective in controlling the deformation around the surrounding rock, the CD method is the most effective, and the upper and lower step method and the reserved core soil method are equally effective. Considering that the upper and lower step method has fewer excavation surfaces, lower cost, and shorter construction period, it is taken as the excavation method of this project. Pipe shed and advanced small pipe grouting have the most obvious effect on reducing the settlement of the tunnel vault, and curtain grouting can significantly reduce the deformation of the surrounding rock. Surface curtain grouting supplemented by large pipe shed and advanced small pipe grouting and other combination measures can ensure the safe and rapid construction by using the up-and-down step method for the construction of class Ⅵ surrounding rock section of the shallow water diversion tunnel.
- diversion tunnel /
- excavation method /
- surrounding rock deformation /
- numerical simulation /
- field test /
- reinforcement effect evaluation /
- control measures

HTML全文

图 1 引水隧洞工程地质条件

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图 2 引水隧洞支护结构设计图

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图 3 数值计算模型

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图 4 四种开挖工法开挖工序示意图

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图 5 监测点示意图

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图 6 隧洞开挖孔隙水压力场云图

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图 7 4种开挖工法下隧洞围岩变形特征

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图 8 4种开挖工法相对控制效果对比

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图 9 掌子面挤出云图

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图 10 不同加固措施示意图

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图 11 不同加固措施下的围岩变形曲线

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图 12 加固前后隧洞洞周位移变化曲线（单位: mm）

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图 13 隧洞目标面各监测点主应力随开挖变化曲线

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图 14 隧洞典型监测断面洞周变形曲线图

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表 1 围岩及支护结构物理力学参数

材料	重度 /(kN∙m⁻³)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	黏聚力 /kPa	内摩擦角/（°）
中砂层	19	0.05	0.34	1.9	35.7
珊瑚礁混砂层	19.3	0.1	0.33	3.6	35.1
强风化花岗岩层	19.5	1.5	0.39	20	30.0
中等风化花岗岩层	26	8.89	0.24	9220	40.0
初期支护（C25）	24	15	0.25
二次衬砌（C35）	24	200	0.3
锚杆（Q235）	78.5	25	0.25

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表 2 不同加固措施下各材料参数

类别	重度/(kN∙m⁻³)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/（°）
管棚	78.5	210	0.3	–	–
小导管	78.5	210	0.3	–	–
加固区	24	3	0.22	50	35
注浆圈	20	2	0.23	80	45

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表 3 现场监测与数值模拟计算对比

断面里程	拱顶沉降实测/mm	拱顶沉降计算/mm	误差率/%	拱腰收敛实测/mm	拱腰收敛计算/mm	误差率/%
1T0+389	27.4	23.8	13.14	24.4	18.1	25.82
1T0+432	25.2	23.8	5.56	20.9	18.1	11.48

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