Comprehensive survey technology for bridge pile foundation in pebble karst area
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摘要: 在卵石岩溶强烈发育地区进行勘察钻探施工，存在钻进效率低、泥浆漏失严重、孔壁易坍塌、岩芯采取率低等问题，仅用钻探手段无法准确查明岩溶的空间分布，对工程设计影响较大。某桥梁桩基工程位于卵石岩溶强烈发育区，依托该桥梁桩基勘察项目，采用全液压钻机，将多级钢套管护壁、SM植物胶护壁、潜孔锤偏心跟管钻进、金刚石绳索取芯、半合式单动双管取芯等技术相结合进行钻探取芯，采用高密度电法初步圈定岩溶发育范围，采用跨孔地震波CT法进一步查明钻孔间岩溶的分布情况，采用管波法逐桩进行探测，为桥梁桩基提供可靠的持力层，形成了一套综合勘察技术，可在类似地层勘察中进行推广应用。Abstract: In highly developed pebble karst strata, there are problems such as low drilling efficiency, severe mud leakage, unstable hole walls that are prone to collapse, low rock core recovery percent during bridge pile foundation survey and construction. Moreover, drilling alone cannot accurately determine the spatial distribution of karst, which has a significant impact on engineering design. This article relies on a bridge pile foundation survey project, using a fully hydraulic drilling rig to combine multi-stage steel casing wall protection, SM plant rubber wall protection, down-the-hole hammer eccentric follow-up drilling, diamond rope coring, semi-closed action double tube coring, and other technologies for drilling and coring. The high-density electrical method was used to preliminarily delineate the development range of karst, and the cross-hole seismic wave CT method was used to further investigate the distribution of karst between boreholes. The tube wave method was used to detect each pile one by one, providing a reliable bearing layer for bridge pile foundations, forming a comprehensive survey technology that can be promoted and applied in similar geological surveys.
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表 1 场地地层电阻率参考值
序号 地层名称 视电阻率/（Ω∙m） 1 黏土 200~500 2 砂卵石 500~1000 3 溶洞充填碎石土 200~400 4 强风化白云岩 500~1000 5 中等风化白云岩 1000~5000 6 微风化白云岩 ＞5000 
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