岩溶角砾岩峡谷岸坡公路桥梁地基适宜性研究

龚道平; 方强; 胡惠华; 王泗

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0430

岩溶角砾岩峡谷岸坡公路桥梁地基适宜性研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0430

湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司，湖南长沙　410200

基金项目: 湖南省交通运输厅科技进步与创新计划项目（202120）

详细信息

作者简介:
龚道平，男，1969年生，大学本科，研究员级高级工程师，主要从事岩土工程勘察与设计。E-mail：hncdigdp@163.com

中图分类号: U442
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-18
- 修回日期: 2025-03-05
- 录用日期: 2025-04-09
- 刊出日期: 2025-10-10

Suitability of highway bridge foundation in karst breccia canyon slope

Hunan Provincial Communications Planning, Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 岩溶角砾岩是一种特殊的沉积岩，具有独特的成岩环境和成生特征，特别是位于峡谷岸坡的岩溶角砾岩，在有利的地下水排泄条件下，后期的岩溶作用会进一步劣化岩体的力学性质，从而影响地基稳定性和岸坡的整体稳定性。因此，工程建设中对岩溶角砾岩组成的峡谷岸坡作为特大型桥梁地基的适宜性进行评价尤为关键和重要。以张家界至花垣高速公路澧水特大桥工程为背景，通过开挖平硐和钻探相结合的手段对大桥所处的峡谷岸坡进行勘察，揭示了岩溶角砾岩的结构特征和岩溶发育特征；整体边坡可靠度分析表明，初拟索塔位在设计荷载作用下岸坡发生滑移变形破坏概率超过20%，不满足悬索桥结构对地基变形的严格要求；综合工程地质分析，认为张家界岸岩溶角砾岩不适宜作为悬索桥索塔地基，将索塔基础位置调整至力学性质较好的白云质砾岩，保证了澧水特大桥的建成通车。研究成果可为跨越峡谷的特大型桥梁的勘察设计提供参考。
- 岩溶角砾岩 /
- 峡谷岸坡 /
- 地基适宜性 /
- 公路桥梁
Abstract: Karst breccia is a special type of sedimentary rock with a unique diagenetic environment and characteristics. Especially the karst breccia located on the slope of the canyon bank, under favorable groundwater discharge conditions, the later karst process will further deteriorate the mechanical properties of the rock mass and affect the stability of the foundation and the overall stability of the bank slope. Therefore, the suitability evaluation of the foundation of canyon bank slope composed of karst breccia for super large bridges is particularly crucial and important, which determines the type and scale of bridge structure based on this in engineering construction. This article takes the bank slope of the Lishui Grand Bridge Canyon on the Zhangjiajie Huayuan Expressway as the engineering background, and the structural characteristics and karst development characteristics of karst breccia have been revealed through adits and drilling surveys. Through overall slope reliability analysis, it has been demonstrated that the probability of deformation and failure of the bank slope under design loads exceeds 20%. According to a comprehensive engineering geological analysis, the karst breccia on the Zhangjiajie shore is not suitable as the foundation for the suspension bridge tower. Thus, a geological decision was made to adjust the cable bent tower to a dolomite conglomerate with better mechanical properties. This research has ensured the completion and opening of the Lishui Extra Large Bridge and provided new important references for the survey and design of super large bridges crossing canyons.
- karst breccia /
- the slope of the canyon bank /
- the suitability of the foundation /
- highway bridges

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图 1 张家界岸谷坡

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图 2 钻孔中的岩溶角砾岩岩芯

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图 3 平硐中的岩溶角砾岩

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图 4 平硐中揭露的竖井

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图 5 角砾状灰岩岩芯

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图 6 白云质砾岩岩芯

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图 7 谷坡中下部的白云岩

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图 8 张家界岸大桥工程地质平面图

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图 9 张家界岸大桥工程地质断面图

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图 10 左支硐平面展示图

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图 11 右支硐平面展示图

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图 12 自然工况下岸坡稳定性计算

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图 13 加载工况下岸坡稳定性计算

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表 1 岩溶角砾岩胶结物物理力学参数

指标	含水率w/%	湿密度 /（g·cm⁻³）	干密度 /（g·cm⁻³）	比重G_s	液限w_L	塑限 w_p	塑性指数I_p	自由膨胀率/%	抗剪强度参数
指标	含水率w/%	湿密度 /（g·cm⁻³）	干密度 /（g·cm⁻³）	比重G_s	液限w_L	塑限 w_p	塑性指数I_p	自由膨胀率/%	黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/(°)
样本数	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	6	6
最大值	41.4	1.9	1.5	2.8	69.3	39.6	35.6	65.0	73	13.3
最小值	25.8	1.7	1.2	2.7	42.5	23.0	19.5	30.0	12	5.0
平均值	36.6	1.8	1.3	2.7	56.0	30.1	25.9	49.5	39	7.3
标准差	4.26	0.08	0.098	0.02	7.91	5.34	4.93	10.36	22.68	3.10
变异系数	0.12	0.05	0.08	0.01	0.14	0.18	0.19	0.21	0.59	0.42
标准值	39.0	1.7	1.3	2.7	51.6	27.1	23.2	55.3	20	4.8

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表 2 反算法得出的岩溶角砾岩强度参数

重度/(kN·m⁻³)	黏聚力c/kPa			内摩擦角φ/（°）			稳定系数F_s	破坏概率PF/%	可靠性指数RI
重度/(kN·m⁻³)	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	稳定系数F_s	破坏概率PF/%	可靠性指数RI
22	41	36	46	36	31	41	1.303	3.25	1.66

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