真空预压处理后非饱和区土体湿化室内模型试验研究

程明; 陈广飞; 陈子建

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0554

真空预压处理后非饱和区土体湿化室内模型试验研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0554

江苏筑港建设集团有限公司，江苏连云港　222000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金自助项目（52378337）

详细信息

作者简介:
程　明，男，1982年生，硕士，工程师，研究方向为软土地基处理。E-mail：48793050@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈广飞，男，1978年生，大学本科，高级工程师，研究方向为港口工程建设管理及地基处理施工技术。E-mail：2466418670@qq.com

中图分类号: TU472
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-27
- 修回日期: 2025-04-08
- 录用日期: 2025-06-26
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-09
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-09

Laboratory model of soil humidification in unsaturated area after vacuum preloading treatment

Jiangsu Zhugang Construction Group Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 真空预压处理软基上部形成非饱和区，真空压力卸载后，加固区外地下水会发生渗流，慢慢湿化非饱和区，造成土体强度降低，变形增大。根据室内模型试验，通过加固土体沉降变形、孔隙水压力、含水率、饱和度及不排水抗剪强度等分析了抽真空结束后外界补给水对加固区湿化的情况。结果表明：土体沉降发生反弹，变形量先缓慢增长，再快速增长，最后缓慢增长至稳定阶段；孔隙水压力随时间呈增长趋势；土体含水率有所增加，土体越深，含水率变化越小；土体上部非饱和区经湿化后部分饱和，且0.25 m深度处与补给水源不同距离土体不排水抗剪强度差别较大，最小处为64.8 kPa，最大处为90.1 kPa；0.50 m深度处与补给水源不同距离土体不排水抗剪强度差别不大，最大处为66.8 kPa，最小处为64.9 kPa。土体湿化情况和与补给水源距离相关，距补给水源越近，湿化产生影响越大，为实际工程提供了借鉴。
- 真空预压 /
- 湿化 /
- 非饱和区域 /
- 室内模型试验
Abstract: The vacuum preloading treatment creates an unsaturated zone in the upper layer of soft soil. After the vacuum pressure is released, groundwater outside the reinforced area will seep in, gradually wetting the unsaturated zone and leading to a decrease in soil strength and an increase in deformation. Based on indoor model tests, the analysis of the conditions of wetting in the reinforced area due to external recharge water after the vacuum extraction was conducted by examining settlement deformation, pore water pressure, moisture content, saturation degree, and undrained shear strength of the reinforced soil. The results indicate that settlement rebounds, with deformation first increasing slowly, then rapidly, and finally stabilizing at a slow growth rate; pore water pressure shows a trend of increase over time; moisture content of the soil has increased, with smaller changes in moisture content at greater depths; the upper unsaturated zone of the soil becomes partially saturated after wetting, and the undrained shear strength at a depth of 0.25 m varies significantly with different distances from the recharge water source, ranging from a minimum of 64.8 kPa to a maximum of 90.1 kPa; at a depth of 0.50 m, the differences in undrained shear strength with varying distances from the recharge water source are minor, ranging from a maximum of 66.8 kPa to a minimum of 64.9 kPa. The wetting conditions of the soil are related to the distance from the recharge water source; the closer the distance to the recharge water source, the greater the impact of wetting, providing reference for practical engineering.
- vacuum preloading /
- humidification /
- unsaturated region /
- laboratory model experiments

HTML全文

图 1 试验装置图

Figure 1. Diagram of the experimental apparatus

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图 2 孔压传感器布置图

Figure 2. Diagram of hole pressure sensor arrangement

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图 3 沉降、十字板剪切及含水率测点布置图

Figure 3. Layout of settlement, vane shear, and moisture content measurement points

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图 4 距离补给水源不同位置处的沉降变形量随时间变化图

Figure 4. Time-dependent variation of settlement deformation at different distances from the water supply source

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图 5 不同时间下与补给水源不同距离的孔隙水压力变化图

Figure 5. Graph of pore water pressure variations at different times and at varying distances from the supply water source

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图 6 与补给水源不同距离的孔隙水压力随时间变化图

Figure 6. Graph of pore water pressure over time at varying distances from the water supply source

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图 7 抽真空前后及湿化后土体的含水率变化

Figure 7. Changes in moisture content before and after vacuuming and humidification

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图 8 距离补给水源不同位置的不排水抗剪强度图

Figure 8. Graph of undrained shear strength at different distances from the water supply source

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表 1 土样的物理力学指标

Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of soil samples

指标	含水率 w/%	液限 w_L/%	塑限 w_P/%	密度 ρ/(g×cm⁻³)	内摩擦角 φ/（°）	黏聚力 c/kPa	土粒比重 G_s	孔隙比 e	压缩系数 a_v/ MPa⁻¹	固结系数 C_v/(cm²×s⁻¹)	渗透系数 k/(cm×s⁻¹)	泊松比 ν
参数值	55.0	49.0	27.0	1.92	19.8	4.2	2.72	1.16	0.87	2.0×10⁻⁴	1.2×10⁻⁶	0.33

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表 2 湿化后与补给水源不同距离、不同深度土的饱和度

Table 2. Saturation of soils at different depths and distances after wetting with various supply water sources

深度/m	饱和度/%
深度/m	距离0.4 m	距离0.8 m	距离1.2 m	距离1.6 m
0.05	90.71	86.88	75.11	72.85
0.15	100	98.03	81.08	75.59
0.25	100	100	95.45	91.71
0.40	100	100	100	100
0.60	100	100	100	100

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