我国重大调水工程深埋长隧洞地质问题与对策

司富安

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0570

我国重大调水工程深埋长隧洞地质问题与对策第九届全国岩土工程实录交流会特邀报告

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0570

司富安

水利部水利水电规划设计总院，北京　100120

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目资助（2022YFC3005605）

详细信息

作者简介:
司富安，男，1964年生，正高级工程师，主要从事水利水电工程地质方面研究。E-mail：sifuan@giwp.org.cn

中图分类号: TV221；P642
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-04
- 修回日期: 2025-05-08
- 录用日期: 2025-06-26
- 刊出日期: 2025-10-10

Geological problems and countermeasures of deep-buried long tunnels in major water transfer projects in China

Si Fu’an

General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100120, China

摘要

摘要: 深埋长隧洞勘察是目前工程建设中遇到的世界级难题。基于我国重大调水工程发展历史及现状，分析重大调水工程深埋长隧洞建设中面临重大工程地质问题，主要包括：软岩变形、突（涌）水（泥）、高外水压力、岩爆、有毒有害气体等。针对当前深埋长隧洞勘察面临的理论、技术和环境制约条件，提出了做好前期勘察工作、通过方案比选尽可能规避地质风险、选择合适施工工法、提前做好地质风险处理预案、施工期做好超前地质预报、发现问题及时应对等对策与措施。
- 调水工程 /
- 深埋长隧洞 /
- 工程地质问题 /
- 对策
Abstract: The investigation of deeply-buried long tunnels is currently a world-class challenge encountered in engineering construction. This article introduces the development history and current status of China’s major water transfer projects, and analyzes the significant engineering geological problems faced during the construction of deep-buried long tunnels, such as large deformations in soft rocks, water inrushes with muddy debris, high external water pressure, rock bursts, and toxic and harmful gases etc. In response to the theoretical, technical, and environmental constraints currently faced in the exploration of deep-buried long tunnels, the article proposes countermeasures such as conducting thorough preliminary exploration work, avoiding geological risks as much as possible through scheme comparison and selection, selecting appropriate construction methods, establishing geological risk mitigation plans in advance, conducting advanced geological predictions during the construction period, and promptly addressing any issues discovered.
- water transfer project /
- deep-buried long tunnel /
- engineering geological problem /
- countermeasure

HTML全文

图 1 滇中引水工程香炉山隧洞围岩变形

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图 2 某调水工程隧洞突水涌泥

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图 3 引汉济渭工程岩爆导致支护体变形破坏

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图 4 引汉济渭秦岭隧洞超硬岩及TBM施工掌子面岩盘

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图 5 引汉济渭秦岭隧洞高外水压力

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图 6 深埋长隧洞勘察内容及方法

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