超厚软土条件下不同受力特性桩基负摩阻力分布研究

向黎; 付国顺; 张振

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0578

超厚软土条件下不同受力特性桩基负摩阻力分布研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2024-0578

向黎^1,,
付国顺^1, ,,
张振²

1.
中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司，上海　200063
2.
同济大学土木工程学院地下建筑与工程系，上海　200092

详细信息

作者简介:
向　黎，男，1982年生，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事变电站结构设计。E-mail：2467@ecepdi.com

通讯作者:
付国顺，男，1991年生，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事变电站结构设计。E-mail：3037@ecepdi.com

中图分类号: TU473
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-09
- 修回日期: 2025-01-24
- 录用日期: 2025-03-06
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-09
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-09

Distribution of negative skin friction of pile foundations with different mechanical characteristics under ultra-thick soft soil conditions

XIANG Li^1
,,
FU Guoshun^{1
, ,},
ZHANG Zhen²

1.
East China Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Shanghai 200063, China
2.
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 桩周存在软弱土层，邻近桩侧地面承受较大的长期荷载或地面堆载时，需考虑基桩负摩阻力。本文依托某变电站软基处理工程，通过三维有限元数值模型研究桩网复合地基、桩承台基础和桩筏基础三种场景下基桩负摩阻力分布特性。研究结果表明：桩网复合地基可不考虑负摩阻力，桩承台基础和桩筏基础的中性点深度比为0.33～0.44；施工期土体固结将减少基桩负摩阻力；桩网复合地基中，在土拱效应与筋材张力膜效应作用下，桩承担了大部分上部荷载，显著减小了负摩阻力。研究结果对于大面积堆载下超厚软土地区基桩负摩阻力设计计算具有借鉴价值。
- 软土 /
- 负摩阻力 /
- 桩网复合地基 /
- 桩承台基础 /
- 桩筏基础
Abstract: When there are soft soils around the piles, and large long-term load or ground surcharge is applied adjacent to the pile foundation, the negative skin friction should be considered. Previous studies have not taken into account the influence of pile foundation form on negative skin friction of the pile foundation. This paper investigates the distribution characteristics of negative skin friction of pile foundations under different working conditions through a three-dimensional finite element numerical model, including pile-net composite foundation, pile-cap foundation and pile-raft foundation, based on a soft ground treatment project at a certain substation. The test results present that pile-net composite foundation may not need to consider negative skin friction. The neutral point depth of pile-cap foundation and pile-raft foundation is in the range of 0.33 to 0.44. Ground consolidation during construction may reduce skin friction. Due to the arching effect and membrane effect in the pile-net composite foundation, the pile carries majority of external load, leading to a significant reduce in skin friction. The research results are valuable for the design of negative skin friction of pile foundations in areas with thick soft soil under large area surcharge.
- soft soil /
- negative skin friction /
- pile-net composite foundation /
- pile-cap foundation /
- pile-raft foundation

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图 1 拟建场区地貌图

Figure 1. Topography of the proposed site

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图 2 地质剖面图

Figure 2. Geological profile

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图 3 数值分析模型

Figure 3. Numerical model

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图 4 桩网复合基础沉降

Figure 4. Settlement of pile-net composite foundation

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图 5 桩承台基础沉降

Figure 5. Settlement of pile-cap composite foundation

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图 6 桩筏基础沉降

Figure 6. Settlement of pile-raft composite foundation

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图 7 桩网复合地基沉降–深度变化

Figure 7. Variation of settlement of pile-net composite foundation and depth

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图 8 桩承台基础沉降−深度变化

Figure 8. Variation of settlement of pile-cap composite foundation and depth

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图 9 桩筏基础沉降–深度变化

Figure 9. Variation of settlement of pile-raft composite foundation and depth

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图 10 基础受力模型

Figure 10. Force forms of foundations

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表 1 土的物理力学性质指标

Table 1. Physical mechanical parameters of the soil

编号	土层名称	重度/（kN·m⁻³）	黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/（°）	压缩模量/MPa	泊松比
	填土	20	10.0	35	20.0	0.3
	垫层	20	5.0	38	35.0	0.3
①₁	黏土	18.40	19.3	13.0	3.6	0.3
②₁	淤泥	16.70	8.4	8.5	2.2	0.35
②₂	淤泥	16.50	9.5	8.9	3.0	0.35
③₁	淤泥质黏土	17.90	13.8	10.9	6.0	0.32
④₁	黏土	18.70	26.0	12.2	10.8	0.3
④₂	黏土	18.50	25.1	10.9	10.0	0.3
⑤₂	粉砂粉质黏土	19.10	12.0	25	21.4	0.3

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表 2 桩−土接触面参数

Table 2. Parameters of the pile-soil interface

土层	法向刚度/GPa	切向刚度/GPa	黏聚力/kPa
①₁黏土	3650	3650	22.0
②_1-2淤泥	3650	3650	13.5
③₁淤泥质黏土	3650	3650	22.0
④₁黏土	3650	3650	60.0
④₂黏土	3650	3650	55.0

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