Advanced technology for foundation treatment of large thickness backfill
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摘要: 长春市某大型博览中心项目占地面积约50万m2，建设场地原始地形起伏较大，最大高差约20 m，场坪需做挖高填低整平处理，按设计标高整平后场地填土厚度分布不均，填土最大厚度达16 m。填方区需根据拟建功能及承载要求进行回填整平与地基处理。结合场地地质条件、填方厚度及拟建建（构）筑物使用功能，秉持绿色地基的设计理念，分区域采用强夯、冲击碾压、碎石桩、搅拌桩及灰土垫层等组合形式进行地基处理。地基处理施工检测、建筑工后沉降监测及项目运行状况表明，本项目大厚度回填土地基处理效果满足设计与规范要求，解决了大厚度回填土的施工质量及工后沉降问题，实现了安全可靠、经济合理的目标，可为类似工程提供参考。Abstract: The project of a large-scale exhibition center in Changchun City covers an area of approximately 500,000 square meters. The original terrain of the construction site is undulating with a maximum height difference of about 20 meters. The apron needs to be leveled by cutting and filling to achieve the designed elevation. After leveling, the thickness of the fill soil on the site is uneven, with the maximum thickness reaching 16 meters. The fill area needs to be backfilled, leveled and have its foundation treated according to the intended function and bearing requirements. Combining the site’s geological conditions, fill thickness, and the intended function of the planned buildings (structures), applying the concept of green foundation, the foundation treatment is carried out in different areas using a combination of methods such as dynamic compaction, impact rolling, crushed stone piles, mixing piles, and lime-soil cushion layers. The construction inspection of foundation treatment, post-construction settlement monitoring of the building, and project operation status all indicate that the treatment effect of the thick backfilled foundation for this project meets the design and specification requirements. It has solved the problems of construction quality and post-construction settlement of thick backfilled soil, achieved the goals of safety, reliability, economic rationality, and can provide a reference for similar projects.
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Key words:
- complex site /
- large thickness /
- foundation treatment
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图 3 地基处理平面布置图（局部代表性区域）
Figure 3. Foundation treatment layout plan (Locally representative area)
图 4 A-3-1区地基处理剖面图（单位：mm）
Figure 4. Foundation treatment cross-section diagram of A-3-1 (Unit: mm)
表 1 拟建建筑基本设计情况
Table 1. Basic information of the building
建筑物
名称地坪设计
标高/m地基处理顶
标高/m基础形式 处理后的
承载力/kPa博览中心 235.00 234.60 复合地基+桩基础 120 室外展场 234.50 233.60 复合地基 120 
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表 2 回填材料主要物理力学指标
Table 2. Main physical and mechanical indicators of backfill materials
天然重度
γ/(kN·m−3)孔隙比
e天然含水率
w/%塑限含水率
wp/%最优含水率
wop/%冻胀
类别19.3 0.790 27.6 21.5 20.8 冻胀
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表 3 场区的荷载类型及地基处理设计要求
Table 3. Load types of the site and design requirements for foundation treatment
区域 荷载
/kPa承载力
/ kPa沉降
/mm室内展厅、室外展场、室外重型车道路 30 120 200 消防通道区域 25 120 室外非重型车道路区域活荷载 10 120
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表 4 各区域对应的地基处理方式
Table 4. Foundation treatment methods for each area
处理区域 分区 地基处理方式 室内展厅 A-1：填方厚度<3 m的区域 分层冲击碾压+灰土垫层 A-2：填方厚度≥3 m的区域 分层强夯+搅拌桩+灰土垫层 A-3：鱼塘范围填方厚度≥3 m的区域 碎石桩+分层强夯+搅拌桩+灰土垫层 室外重点区域（室外展场、室外重型车道区及管线区） B-1：填方厚度<3 m的区域 分层冲击碾压 B-2：填方厚度≥3 m的区域 分层强夯+搅拌桩 B-3：鱼塘范围填方厚度≥3 m的区域 碎石桩+分层强夯+搅拌桩 室外非重点区域（室外停车场、室外道路及绿化区） C-1：填方厚度<3 m的区域 分层冲击碾压 C-2：填方厚度≥3 m的区域 分层强夯 C-3：鱼塘范围填方厚度≥3 m的区域 碎石桩+分层强夯
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表 5 压实度检测成果表
Table 5. Foundation treatment methods for each area
取样位置 平均干密度
/（g·cm−3）最大干密度
/（g·cm−3）压实度
/%第一层224.30 m 1.68 1.78 94.3 第二层228.30 m 1.66 1.78 93.2 第三层232.00 m 1.66 1.78 93.2
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表 6 强夯地基承载力检测成果表
Table 6. 6Test results of dynamic compaction foundation bearing capacity
点位 单桩复合地基
承载力/kPa试验最大
荷载/kPa载荷板
面积/m2最大沉降量
/mm极限承载力
/kPaS1 120 240 2.25 9.43 >240 S2 120 240 2.25 11.26 >240 S3 120 240 2.25 13.85 >240
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表 7 单桩复合地基承载力检测成果表
Table 7. Test results of bearing capacity for single pile composite foundation
桩号 夯实地基
承载力/kPa试验最大
荷载/kPa载荷板
面积/m2最大
沉降量/mm极限承
载力/kPaC1234 120 240 2.25 17.21 >240 A492 120 240 2.25 11.11 >240 A418 120 240 2.25 9.34 >240
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表 8 沉降量估算表
Table 8. Settlement estimation
计算位置 pz/kPa p0/kPa Esi/MPa hi/m ss/mm 填方地基层底 109.8 30 10 12.20 170.56
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