Application research of microtremor exploration in void detection
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摘要: 针对郑州市三环内老城区地下人防工程分布广泛、年代久远且资料缺失的问题，采用天然源微动探测技术进行地下空间探测。以某中学已知地下人防工程为地质模型，通过对比圆形、菱形、十字形及直线形等多种观测系统的探测效果，评估了该技术的适用性。结果表明，二维观测装置（尤其是多重圆形和菱形装置）较一维直线形装置具有更优的探测效果，其平面定位精度高，深度误差小，能够有效识别地下防空洞的空间分布特征。该方法具有操作简便、效率高、无损检测等优势，为城市地下空间探测提供了可靠的技术手段，对微动探测技术的推广应用具有实践意义。Abstract: Aiming at the problems of wide distribution, long service life and lack of data of underground civil air defense projects in the old urban areas within the third ring road of Zhengzhou City, this study adopts the natural-source microtremor exploration technology for urban underground space detection. Taking the known underground civil air defense project of a middle school as the geological model, the applicability of this technology is evaluated by comparing the detection effects of various observation arrays including circular, rhombus, cross and linear arrays. The results show that two-dimensional observation arrays, especially multi-circular and rhombus arrays, have better detection performance than one-dimensional linear arrays, with high planar positioning accuracy and small depth error, which can effectively identify the spatial distribution characteristics of underground air-raid shelters. This method has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and non-destructive testing. It provides a reliable technical means for urban underground space detection and is of great practical significance for the popularization and application of microtremor exploration technology.
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图 2 某中学微动测线位置图（1-防空洞位置；2-微动测线编号及桩号）
Figure 2. Microtremor survey line location map of a middle school (1 - Air - raid shelter location; 2 - Microtremor survey line number and pile number)
图 6 不同台阵微动视横波速度剖面图
Figure 6. Microtremor apparent S-wave velocity profiles of different arrays
表 1 对比台阵效能评价表
Table 1. Comparative array effectiveness evaluation table
台阵类形 信噪比SNR /dB 均方根误差RMSE/m 数据利用率/% 多重圆形 12.3 0.38 92.5 十字形 10.7 0.52 88.2 菱形 9.8 0.61 85.4 L形 6.2 1.24 73.6 直线形 5.8 1.45 68.9 
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