粉煤灰对石墨混凝土热力学性能影响研究

王帅; 袁程浩; 律叶

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0150

粉煤灰对石墨混凝土热力学性能影响研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0150

国网冀北电力有限公司工程管理分公司，北京　100071

详细信息

作者简介:
王　帅，男，1984年生，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为电网基建管理与技术研究。E-mail：wangshuai@heesc.com

中图分类号: TU528
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-01
- 修回日期: 2025-07-14
- 录用日期: 2025-08-25
- 刊出日期: 2026-08-08

Influence of fly ash on the thermodynamic properties of graphite concrete

Engineering Management Branch of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Beijing 100071, China

摘要

摘要: 能源桩集成了建筑桩基与地源热泵技术，既承担建筑荷载又利用浅层地热能。本文聚焦于石墨与粉煤灰掺量对石墨混凝土强度与热物性参数的优化开展试验研究。试验结果显示，石墨掺量为5%时表现出最佳效果，石墨添加强化了传热，但石墨的脆性结构不利于混凝土强度和致密性；同时，5%～10%的粉煤灰掺量不仅显著增强了混凝土的抗压强度，还改善了混凝土的和易性与保水性；然而随着粉煤灰掺量的继续增加，混凝土的导热系数逐渐下降，其中10%粉煤灰掺量成为导热系数变化的转折点。通过构建能源桩缩尺模型，本研究证实了石墨−粉煤灰传热强化型能源桩能有效促进桩基埋管内循环液体的全程换热。本研究推荐石墨与粉煤灰掺量分别为5%，10%。
- 能源地下结构 /
- 石墨混凝土 /
- 粉煤灰 /
- 传热强化 /
- 缩尺模型
Abstract: Energy piles integrate building pile foundations with ground-source heat pump technology, bearing building loads while also harnessing shallow geothermal energy. This study focuses on optimizing the strength and thermophysical parameters of graphite concrete through the incorporation of graphite and fly ash. Experimental results indicate that a graphite content of 5% yields the best performance, as the addition of graphite enhances heat transfer but its brittle structure adversely affects concrete strength and density. Meanwhile, a fly ash content ranging from 5%～10%, not only significantly boosts the compressive strength of the concrete but also improves its workability and water retention. However, as the fly ash content increases, the thermal conductivity of the graphite concrete gradually decreases, with a 10% fly ash content marking a turning point in this trend. Verification through the construction of a scale model of an energy pile confirms that graphite-fly ash heat transfer-enhanced energy piles can effectively facilitate heat exchange throughout the circulating fluid within the embedded pipes of the pile foundation. This study recommends a graphite content of 5% and a fly ash content of 10%.
- energy pile /
- graphite concrete /
- fly ash /
- heat transfer enhancement /
- scale model

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图 1 试验方案

Figure 1. Experimental design

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图 2 不同石墨含量混凝土试块

Figure 2. Concrete specimens with different graphite content

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图 3 石墨混凝土导热系数与抗压强度正交曲线

Figure 3. Orthogonal curve of thermal conductivity versus compressive strength for graphite concrete

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图 4 200和500倍率下试样截面照片

Figure 4. Photographs of the specimen cross-section at 200× and 500× magnification

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图 5 混凝土石墨通道三维立体图

Figure 5. Three-dimensional diagram of graphite channels in concrete

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图 6 不同粉煤灰含量的石墨混凝土试块

Figure 6. Graphite concrete specimens with different fly ash contents

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图 7 粉煤灰石墨混凝土不同龄期强度曲线

Figure 7. Strength curves of fly ash graphite concrete at different ages

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图 8 不同粉煤灰掺量下石墨混凝土导热系数

Figure 8. Thermal conductivity of graphite concrete at different fly ash content levels

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图 9 能源桩模型试验实物图

Figure 9. Physical model of energy pile test

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图 10 传热强化模型试验热敏电阻的布设情况示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of thermistor placement in model test for heat transfer enhancement

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图 11 管内液体温度28℃，传热强化型能源桩与普通能源桩桩−土温度扩散曲线对比

Figure 11. Comparison of temperature diffusion curves between enhanced heat transfer energy piles and conventional energy piles at a liquid temperature of 28 ℃ inside the pipe

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表 1 石墨混凝土试块配合比

Table 1. Graphite concrete specimen mix proportions

石墨质量比/%	水泥/g	砂/g	碎石/g	水/g	石墨/g	减水剂/g
0	500	559	1136	205	0	25
2	500	514	1136	205	45	25
5	500	446.5	1136	205	112.5	25
8	500	379	1136	205	180	25

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表 2 粉煤灰−石墨混凝土设计配合比

Table 2. Design mix proportions for fly ash−graphite concrete

粉煤灰质量比/%	水泥/g	砂/g	碎石/g	水/g	石墨/g	粉煤灰/g	减水剂/g
0	500	446.5	1136	205	112.5	0	25
5	475	446.5	1136	205	112.5	25	25
10	450	446.5	1136	205	112.5	50	25
15	425	446.5	1136	205	112.5	75	25
20	400	446.5	1136	205	112.5	100	25

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表 3 粉煤灰石墨混凝土坍落度及保水性试验表

Table 3. Slump and water retention tests for fly ash−graphite concrete

水胶质量比	粉煤灰掺量/%	坍落度/mm	保水性
0.41	0	61	差
0.41	5	80	一般
0.41	10	92	一般
0.41	15	104	好
0.41	20	115	好

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