压剪作用下椭圆孔洞砂岩的裂纹扩展规律研究

邓逸; 李壮; 何运; 刘帅; 刘广川

doi:10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0210

压剪作用下椭圆孔洞砂岩的裂纹扩展规律研究

doi: 10.20265/j.cnki.issn.1007-2993.2025-0210

邓逸^1,,
李壮²,
何运¹,
刘帅^2, ,,
刘广川¹

1.
中交二航局第二工程有限公司，重庆　400042
2.
重庆交通大学土木工程学院，重庆　400074

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51804058）；重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJQN201800729）

详细信息

作者简介:
邓　逸，男，1978年生，大学本科，高级工程师，主要从事岩土工程、地下工程等领域的研究工作。E-mail：3560115641@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘　帅，男，2001年生，在读硕士研究生，主要从事地下工程等领域的研究工作。E-mail：1505695343@qq.com

中图分类号: TU45
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-09
- 修回日期: 2025-08-28
- 录用日期: 2025-09-01
- 刊出日期: 2026-08-08

Crack propagation laws in sandstone containing elliptical holes under compression-shear loading

DENG Yi^1
,,
LI Zhuang²,
HE Yun¹,
LIU Shuai^{2
, ,},
LIU Guangchuan¹

1.
China Communications Second Navigation Bureau Second Engineering Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400042, China
2.
College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China

摘要

摘要: 为揭示压剪作用下椭圆孔洞砂岩的裂纹扩展规律及其主控因素作用机制，依据室内试验结果，标定砂岩的数值模拟细观力学参数，开展不同孔洞倾角和长短轴比下的压剪数值试验，并对裂纹扩展规律及影响因素作用机制进行分析。研究结果表明：（1）峰值剪切应力、起裂应力及二者差值均随孔洞倾角增大呈先减后增趋势；当孔洞倾角为60°时，三者均达到最小值，试件最易达到破坏状态。（2）平均起裂角随孔洞倾角的增加表现为先增大、后减小、再增大的趋势，并在孔洞倾角为30°，120°时分别取得最大、最小值；起裂角与长短轴比之间未表现出明显相关性。（3）孔洞倾角和长短轴比显著影响裂纹扩展行为，但其作用机制不同。其中，孔洞倾角通过改变应力分布主导裂纹起裂位置和扩展路径，长短轴比通过改变孔洞几何形状影响局部应力状态，进而控制裂纹扩展行为。研究结论可为含孔洞岩体工程稳定性控制与评估提供理论依据。
- 裂纹扩展 /
- 砂岩 /
- 压剪作用 /
- 椭圆孔洞 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: To reveal the crack propagation patterns and the underlying mechanisms of controlling factors in sandstone containing elliptical holes under compression-shear loading, mesoscopic mechanical parameters for the sandstone’s numerical model were calibrated based on laboratory test results. Numerical tests under compression-shear loading were conducted for various hole inclination angles and aspect ratios, followed by analysis of crack propagation behavior and the mechanistic effects of influencing factors. The research findings indicate: (1) Peak shear stress, crack initiation stress, and their difference all exhibit a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with increasing pore inclination angle. When the hole inclination angle reaches 60°, all three parameters reach their minimum values, indicating that specimens are most prone to reaching a failure state under this condition. (2) The average crack initiation angle follows a triphasic trend with increasing inclination angle: initial increase, followed by decrease, and final resurgence, reaching maximum (30°) and minimum (120°) values at specific orientations. No significant correlation exists between initiation angles and aspect ratios. (3) While both cavity inclination and aspect ratio significantly govern crack propagation behaviors, their mechanistic controls differ fundamentally. Inclination angle dictates stress redistribution patterns, thereby controlling crack nucleation positions and propagation trajectories. In contrast, aspect ratio modulates localized stress states through geometric confinement effects, ultimately regulating crack evolution dynamics. These findings establish a theoretical foundation for stability assessment and control in cavity-containing rock mass engineering.
- crack propagation /
- sandstone /
- compression-shear loading /
- elliptical holes /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

图 1 平行黏结模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of parallel bonding model

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图 2 数值模拟模型

Figure 2. Numerical simulator

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图 3 应力−应变曲线

Figure 3. Stress−strain curve

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图 4 破坏形态

Figure 4. Destruction form

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图 5 起裂应力随法向压应力变化图（α=30°，k=3）

Figure 5. Crack initiation stress vs. normal compressive stress variation diagram (α=30°, k=3)

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图 6 起裂应力随孔洞倾角变化图（k=3,σ_c=3 MPa）

Figure 6. The variation diagram of crack initiation stress with hole inclination angle (k=3, σ_c=3 MPa)

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图 7 起裂角监测

Figure 7. Cracking angle monitoring

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图 8 平均起裂角

Figure 8. Average crack initiation angle

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图 9 裂纹扩展破坏情况（α=30°，k=3，σ_c=3 MPa）

Figure 9. Crack propagation failure (α=30°, k=3, σ_c=3 MPa)

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表 1 平行黏结模型宏观参数

Table 1. Macroscopic parameters of parallel bond model

场景	抗压强度/MPa	抗拉强度/MPa	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比
室内试验	71.23	7.08	12.04	0.185
数值模拟	73.24	7.83	11.97	0.185

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表 2 平行黏结模型细观参数

Table 2. Mesoscopic parameters of parallel bond model

颗粒参数	取值	黏结参数	取值
颗粒最小半径/mm	0.45	平行黏结弹性模量/GPa	5.5
颗粒最大半径/mm	0.75	平行黏结刚度比	1.6
颗粒密度/（kg∙m⁻³）	2574	平行黏结法向强度/MPa	15
颗粒摩擦系数	0.5	平行黏结黏聚力/MPa	28
颗粒接触刚度比	1.6	平行黏结内摩擦角/（°）	35
颗粒接触模量/GPa	5.5	平行黏结半径系数	1

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表 3 不同倾角α下裂纹扩展模式（k=3）

Table 3. Crack propagation modes under different inclination angles α (k=3)

椭圆孔洞倾角
α=0°	α=30°	α=60°	α=90°	α=120°	α=150°

压应力		压应力集中区		拉应力集中区

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表 4 不同长短轴比k下裂纹扩展模式(α=30°)

Table 4. Crack propagation mode under different long-short axis ratio k (α=30°)

椭圆孔洞长短轴比
k=1	k=2	k=3	k=4	k=5	k=6

压应力		压应力集中区		拉应力集中区

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